Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical particles with single magnetic charge, either a north pole or a south pole. Some speculative theories suggest that, if they exist, magnetic monopoles could cause protons to decay. These theories also say that such monopoles would be too heavy to be produced at the LHC. Nevertheless, if the magnetic monopoles were light enough to appear at the LHC, Cosmic rays striking the Earth's atmosphere would already be making them, and the Earth would very effectively stop and trap them. The continued existence of the Earth and other astronomical bodies therefore rules out dangerous proton-eating magnetic monopoles light enough to be produced at the LHC.
Showing posts with label LHC -LARGE HADRON COLLIDER. Show all posts
Showing posts with label LHC -LARGE HADRON COLLIDER. Show all posts
vacuum bubbles
There have been speculation that the Universe is not its most stable configuration, and that perturbation caused by the LHC could tip in into a more stable state, called a vacuum bubble, in which we could not exist. If the LHC could do this, then so could cosmic-ray collisions, Since such vacuum bubbles have not been produced anywhere in the visible Universe, they will not made by the LHC
Strangelets
Strangelet is the term given to a hypothetical microscopic lump of 'strange matter' containing almost equal numbers of particles called up, down and strange quarks. According to most theoretical work, strangelets should change to ordinary matter within a thousand-millionth of the second. But could srangelet coalesce with ordinary matter and change it to strange matter? This question was first raised before the start up of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, RHIC, In 2000 in the United States. A study at the time showed that there was no cause for concern, and RHIC has now run for eight years, searching for strangelets without detecting any. At times, the LHC's beams of heavy nuclei, just as RHIC does. The LHC's beams will have more energy than RHIC, but this makes it even less likely that strangelets could form. It is difficult for strange matter to stick together in the high temperatures produced by such colliders, rather as ice does not form in hot water. In addition , quarks will be moere dilute at the LHC at RHIC, making it more difficult to assemble strange matter. Strangelets production a the LHC is therefore less likely than at RHIC, and experiences there has already validated the arguments that strangelets cannot be produced.
COSMIC RAYS
The LHC, like other particle accelerators, recreates the natural phenomena of cosmic rays under controlled laboratory conditions, enabling then to be studied in more detail. Cosmic rays are particles produced in outer space, some of which are accelerated to energies far exceeding those of the LHC. The energy and the rate at which they reach the Earth's atmosphere have been measured in experiments for some 70 years. Over the past billions of years, Nature has already generated on Earth as many collisions as about a million LHC experiments- and the planet still exists. Astronomers observe an enormous number of larger astronomical bodies throughout the universe, all of which are also struck by cosmic rays. The Universe as a whole conducts more than 10 million - million LHC - like experiments per second. The possibility of any dangerous consequences contradicts what astronomers see - Stars and galaxies still exist.
MICORSCOPIC BLACK HOLES
Nature forms black holes when certain stars, much larger than our Sun, collapse on themselves at the end of their lives. They concentrate a very large amount of matter in a very small space. Speculations about microscopic black holes at the LHC refer to particles produced in the collisions of pairs of protons, each of which has an energy comparable to that of a mosquito in flight. Astronomical black holes are much heavier than anything that could be produced at the LHC.
According to the well-established properties of gravity, described by Elinstein's relativity, it is impossible for microscopic black holes to be produced at the LHC. There are, however, some speculative theories that predict the production of such particles at the LHC. All these theories preidict that these particles would disintegrate immediately. black holes, therefore, would have no time to start accretion matter and to cause macroscopic effects.
Although stable microscopic black holes are not expected in theory, study of the consequences of their production by cosmic rays shows that they would be harmless. Collisions at the LHC differ from the cosmic-ray collision with astronomical bodies like the Earth in that new particles produced by the LHC collision tend to move more slowly than those produced by the cosmic-rays. Stable black holes could be either electrically charged or neutral. If they had electric charge, they would interact with
According to the well-established properties of gravity, described by Elinstein's relativity, it is impossible for microscopic black holes to be produced at the LHC. There are, however, some speculative theories that predict the production of such particles at the LHC. All these theories preidict that these particles would disintegrate immediately. black holes, therefore, would have no time to start accretion matter and to cause macroscopic effects.
Although stable microscopic black holes are not expected in theory, study of the consequences of their production by cosmic rays shows that they would be harmless. Collisions at the LHC differ from the cosmic-ray collision with astronomical bodies like the Earth in that new particles produced by the LHC collision tend to move more slowly than those produced by the cosmic-rays. Stable black holes could be either electrically charged or neutral. If they had electric charge, they would interact with
Larger hadron Collider(LHC)
The Larger Hadron Collider (LHC) is a gigantic scientific instrument near Geneva, where it spans the border between Switzerland and France about 100 m underground. It is a particle accelerator used by the physicists to study the smallest known particles - the fundamental building blocks of all the things. It will revolutionize our understanding, from the minuscule worlds deep within atoms to the vastness of the universe.Two beams of subatomic particles called 'hardons' - either protons or lead ions - will travel in opposite direction inside the circular accelerator, Gaining energy with every lap, Physicists will use the LHC to recreate the conditions just after the Bing Bang , by colliding the two beams head - on at very high energy,Term of physicists from around the world will analyze the particles created in the collision suing special detectors in a number of experiments dedicated to the LHC.
There are many theories as to what will result from the collisions, but what's for sure is that brave new world of physics will emerge from the new accelerator, as knowledge in a particle physics goes on to describe the working of the universe. For decades, the standard model of the particle physics has served physicists well as a mean of understanding the fundamental laws of Nature, But it does not tell the whole story. Only data using the higher energies reached by the LHC can push knowledge forward, Challenging those who dare to dream beyond the paradigm.
